Carotid artery disease occurs when plaque builds up in the carotid arteries, reducing blood flow to the brain and increasing the risk of stroke. Diagnosis typically involves a medical evaluation and imaging tests to assess the extent of narrowing. Treatment options may include lifestyle modifications, medications, and minimally invasive procedures or surgery, depending on the severity of the condition and the individual’s overall health. Early detection and appropriate management can help reduce stroke risk and support long-term brain health.