For Australia’s points-tested skilled visas (subclasses 189, 190 and 491), applicants first submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) through the SkillSelect system. The EOI records details such as occupation, age, English ability, education, and work experience, and these are used to calculate a points score. Candidates are then ranked, and invitations are issued in periodic rounds to those with the highest scores in each occupation group. For subclasses 190 and 491, a state or territory may also select candidates from the EOI pool for nomination.